Temné stránky kosmologie

Abstract

The present commonly adopted cosmological model reaches agreement between many fields of science only for the price of admission that we do not know 96% of the Universe. There is a hypothesis that this dark part of the Universe consists of dark matter and dark energy. From the point of view of the methodology of science it is remarkable situation on which is possible to demonstrate strategies of ad hoc modification of the theory which must face to anomalies. In this case I argue that it is special situation in the history of science not only for the length of time during which it is not decided between alternative ad hoc hypotheses (e.g. dark matter or MOND theory) but for the strong theoretical ties which hypothesis of dark matter created to the other fields of science. Unfortunately I conclude that famous conception of progress of science (Lakatos, Kuhn, Feyerabend) are not in the exact agreement with this special situation in recent scientific practice and I think that this could be a motive for the change or modification of these methodological conception, too.