Slovotvorná charakteristika ruských neologizmů

Abstract

The last significant change in the Russian vocabulary took place in the half of the 80’s of the 20th century in connection with the events of political and economical life in Russia. There emerged a need for the denomination of new realities. For new denominations Russian makes use of both, its rich word-formative and lexical potential as well as foreign potential concerning not only lexical and word-formative means but also word-formative approaches. The viability of the word-formative system can be seen in Russian during the adaptation of extensive vocabulary take-over from English. A complex overview of a current form neology shows that a significant part of word-formative approaches is related to the tendencies of language means economy. This is in line with a current trend: to express as much information as possible in a shortest time possible. It is the era of active abbreviation flooding, great growth of hybrid structures and the activation of univerbization tendencies; however, derivation and composition still rank among basic possibilities. When creating neologisms, Russian does not know any limitations (phonemic, morphological, syntactical or typological), or in combining domestic and foreign features in one word because for Russian a communicative function is important.