Číslo 1 (2014)

Permanent URI for this collection

Browse

Recent Submissions

Showing 1 - 12 out of 12 results
  • Item
    Shandor, Vincent. Podkarpatská Rus od vzniku ČSR po sovětskou anexi. Praha: Rybka publishers, 2013. ISBN: 978-80-87067-06-2. 312 pp.
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Almer, David; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
  • Item
    Immigration from Eastern Europe to Argentina at the Turn of the 20th Century
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Švepeš, Václav; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The main task of the contribution is to research the role of immigration from Eastern Europe to Argentina in the period referred to in the title. Historically, the most represented communities in the great exodus to Argentina at the turn of the 20th century were from Spain and Italy. The contribution examines both the question of the less represented nations from Europe and the social conditions, economic situation, acclimatization to a new environment and everyday life. Particular attention is focused on the issue of the Jewish immigration wave, which originally settled in fertile agricultural areas and formed an important national minority group in Argentina.
  • Item
    Consolidation as the Highest Stage of Political Regime Democratization of the Post-Communist Societies in CEE
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Fedorchak, Tetiana; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The author of the paper studies consolidation of democracy in the CEE countries in the context of analysis of the transitional post-communist societies and focuses on the very phase of democratization. Three institutional aspects, which played an important role in transitional societies, have been described. These are strengthening of the national borders, choosing the form of the government and electoral system. The author presupposes that as a whole these institutional changes became the crucial factors in the development of democratization in the post-communist societies.
  • Item
    Colonial Perspective and Nationalism(s) in Ethiopia in the Context of African Decolonization
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Záhořík, Jan; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    Ethiopia has never been colonized except for a short period of Italian occupation in 1930s. It would seem that the absence of European colonialism contributed to a rather different development of nationalism due to many different historical factors and experiences. However, since 1950s, and more openly from the 1960s we can see the rise of nationalism in Ethiopia which used the same “colonial” perspectives as their other African counterparts. When civil war broke out in 1962 and Eritrea began to struggle for independence, it had a direct impact on other nationalist movements in Ethiopia itself, namely the Oromo nationalism. Moreover, in the era of decolonization, Marxism played a role of an inspirational revolutionary ideology in many corners of Africa. The same can be said about the Oromo nationalism, as it was the main bearer of Marxism which then resulted in series of uprising leading to the deposition of Haile Sellassie. Suddenly, demands on democratization, self-determination, equality, and human rights began to be articulated with the same intensity as, for instance, in Rwanda. Later on, demands on “decolonization”, i.e. dismantling of “traditional” Imperial régime formed a part of the “social revolution”. Haile Sellassie’s regime, once hailed as modernizing, began to be seen as backward and in many senses “colonizing” type of rule. It had also a direct impact on national identity and/or identities, because the nationalist movements redefined centuries long “map” of Ethiopia by giving accent to the diverse nature of Ethiopia’s population.
  • Item
    On the Results of the Parliamentary Election in Czechoslovakia in 1935 with Regard to the Hungarian Opposition and Negativistic Political Parties – Land Christian-Socialist Party (OKSzP) and Hungarian National Party (MNP)
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Tóth, Andrej; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The study maps in detail the election results of the joint election list of candidates of both opposition and negativistic Hungarian minority political parties, the Land Christian-Socialist Party (Országos Keresztény Szocialista Párt; OKSzP) and the Hungarian National Party (Magyar Nemzeti Párt; MNP) in the parliamentary election held in May of 1935. The fourth parliamentary election held in 1935 constituted the last election for the Chamber of Deputies and for the Senate of the National Assembly of the First Czechoslovak Republic. The election presaged the turbulent development in the oncoming period that became a crisis period and, at the same time, a fatal period for the First Czechoslovak Republic. The results of the parliamentary election of 1935 brought considerable surprise. The opposition and, above all, negativistic Sudeten German Party (Sudetendeutsche Partei; SdP) became the general winner of the parliamentary election at national level, both in the election for the Chamber of Deputies and in the election for the Senate. The election results of both opposition and negativistic Hungarian minority political parties did not markedly differ from their election results achieved in the preceding election held in 1929. Additionally, both Hungarian parties achieved one mandate less in the Parliament, with 14 mandates in total, but 15 candidates elected from their list of candidates went to the National Assembly, similarly to 1929. Both Hungarian parties had participated in the election of 1935 in coalition together with smaller political subjects of the German minority: with the Union of Germans Settled in Slovakia and Carpathian Ruthenia (Einheit des Bodenständigen Deutschtums in Slovensko und Podkarpatská Rus) and with the Sudeten German Election Bloc (Sudetendeutscher Wahlblock; SdW).That was also a reason for which the election of 1935 allowed voting for the joint list of candidates of OKSzP and MNP also in the electoral regions in the historical countries, i.e. in Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia. One Senate mandate was achieved by a candidate of the Sudeten German Election bloc, SdW, in the electoral region of Brno. But the parliamentary representation of both political parties of the Hungarian minority, as compared to the political parties of the German minority, was virtually negligible – the Hungarian parties achieved 3% mandates in total and in the Senate, 3,3% mandates.
  • Item
    Germany and the Railway Problem in China after the Russo-Japanese War (1905–1906)
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Novotný, Lukáš; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The contribution aims to present and analyze the German view of the complicated question of railway-building in China at the end of the Qing Empire era – concretely in the years 1905–1906. The authors plan to start at the end of the Russo-Japanese war, which was a key event in the transformation of the Great Powers policy in China, with the concentration on the German policy in the Middle Kingdom. They will than turn they attention to the German economic interests in this country with special regard to the building of the Chinese railways, which were conducted by foreign companies. They will define the construction of railways as a policy of following the political and economic interests of the Great Powers in China. The contribution will also focus on the question of the German methods to gain railway concession and how successful Germany was in its policy and whether it was able to take advantage of its opportunities.
  • Item
    Benin art and casting technologies
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Nevadomsky, Joseph; Půtová, Barbora; Soukup, Václav; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The study is dedicated to reflections of Benin art after the 1897 British invasion. The analysis focuses especially on describing what happened with Benin artefacts that were part of the war booty taken by the British expedition that went on to sell them in auctions and exhibitions. The study emphasizes the role of traders and collectors who contributed to the formation of first private and later public museum collections of Benin art. The study also presents casting technologies and hypotheses dealing with the origin of Benin bronzes. The study aims to draw attention to the revitalization of traditional art of iron casting. Towards the end of the paper it is examined what influence the modern Western culture had on traditional iron cast production in the second half of the 20th century.
  • Item
    The Causes of the Second Anglo-Afghan War, a Probe into the Reality of the International Relations in Central Asia in the Second Half of the 19th Century
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Kárník, Jiří; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    This study deals with causes of Second British-Afghan War which took place in 1878–1881. Author will briefly explain the first 60 years of evolution in British-Afghan relations with consideration of their global context especially so called Great Game which is rivalry between Russian and British Empire in Central Asia. Subsequently, author presents analysis of main causes of the conflict and basic factual accounts of events which led to the war. Among other things, this study should also serve as a probe to the international relation in region of Central Asia which is not really well-known in Europe although it got significant importance for global politics in last few decades.
  • Item
    The Advancement of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans and the Danube Valley
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Gulyás, László; Csüllög, Gábor; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The aim of our research partnership was to outline the history of the area called Kosovo today, and to analyse its characteristics from the age of the Roman Empire up to now. This study is to introduce the results of the second phase of the research. In June 1458 the troops of the Ottoman Empire occupied the castle of Smederevo, the last Serbian-ruled area, and thus the Medieval state of the Serbs ceased to exist. Serbia – includig Kosovo – was under Turkish rule for almost 500 years, until as late as 1913. The 454 years of the history of Ottoman Kosovo can be divided into three shorter periods. 1. The period of relatively peaceful coexistence (1458–1683). 2. The period of srtict Turkish control (1686–1804). 3. The period of permanent conflicts (1804–1913). Our paper is to give and in-depth analysis of the characteristics of the above three periods, including political, economic and religios issues, ethnic processes, administrative changes and spatial processes.
  • Item
    Chastelain
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Nejedlý, Martin; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The study provides a comprehensive analysis of the passage on the emergence of Hussitism in the Chronicle written by Burgundy’s official historian, Georges Chastelain (1415–1470). The chapter in question, entitled “Comme il advint, en la cité de Pragues, ne merveilleuse confusion entre religieux et demoiselles”, was written in about 1455. According to Chastelain, the root cause of the chaos and wars was that girls in Prague were falling in love with monks at a local monastery where they would go to attend Mass. In order to deceive the Abbot, they would wear monk’s cowls and shaven tonsures. In Chastelain’s view, this was a complete collapse of values and the established hierarchies. It is therefore no wonder, then, that he placed the chapter on the girls of Prague within immediate proximity of a passage on Joan of Arc, who also had her hair cut short and dressed as a man. In so doing, he could call attention to the fact that women had recently been the cause of unrest and bloodshed. The story of the girls of Prague is not to be found in any other document; however, its sources of inspiration and similarly oriented misogynistic texts can be traced. A comparison with anti-Hussite pieces written in old Czech is also worth considering.
  • Item
    The Early Period of Lawmaking in Medieval Hungary
    (Západočeská univerzita v Plzni, 2014) Nótári, Tomáš; Novotný, Lukáš; Clemens, Gabriele
    The beginnings of the Hungarian legal system – more precisely written law, ius scriptum – can be traced back to the lawmaking activity of our first king, St Stephen, founder of the state. It is a fact beyond doubt that his laws are independent legislative work rather than the results of borrowing some alien legal system. However, special attention should be paid to the issue what European sources were used in making the decreta of King Stephen I, i.e., the laws of what areas were considered by the founder of the state and his environment well versed in law an example that was worth taking into account,relying on. Analysis of these issues can be conducive to better understanding to what extent our law at the age of the foundation of the state was embedded in European legislation. This chapter searches for answers and raises further questions to what extent and at what points Lex Baiuvariorum influenced/might have influenced the lawmaking, the first and second decretum of King Stephen I, the founder of our state. After outlining the tradition and the texts left to us and the main characteristics of the legislation of King Stephen I we deal with the issues of continuity and discontinuity in foundation of the Hungarian State and lawmaking, and the most important fields of regulation in the decreta. Finally, focusing on alien impacts, we analyse the issue of possible eastern and western impacts with respects to the laws that constitute the starting point of the Hungarian legal system.
OPEN License Selector