Číslo 2 (2014)
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Item Shzr Ee Tan – Beyond Beyond 'Innocence': Amis Aboriginal Song in Taiwan as an Ecosystem (2012)(AntropoWeb, 2014) Petříková, Vladislava
Item Koncept – abstraktní klíč k porozumění různým způsobům myšlení: demonstrované na příkladu přístupu ke zvířatům(AntropoWeb, 2014) Svobodová, EliškaThis paper is concerned with the theory of concept, which is connected with various ways of human understanding of the world. It is a well-known fact that the so called indigenous peoples perceive the world differently than the present-day European and Western populations. The reason why it is happening is the existence of a different concept. The key phenomenon, when creating a concept, is the way how the knowledge of the world is received, or the use of particular means/tools for the understanding of the world (reason, mind or consciousness and perception), which lead to a certain interpretation of reality. These means/tools create systems of knowledge (by producing imaginations, thoughts, dreams, visions, feelings), which determine what the world looks like – how it is seen and how people behave in it. In the case of the so called indigenous peoples, it is well-known that the knowledge of the world is based on the use of consciousness, e.g. by means of dreams, visions or reading non-ordinary experience. There is a significant difference in the attitude to the knowledge of the world as it is observed in the current European and Western culture, where the only valid way of understanding the world is rationalism, or the use of reason. Ethnographic literature clearly documents that people who live in a close connection with nature (the so called indigenous peoples) have different concepts about what nature or a particular animal is. In this paper, I present ways of animal perceptions, which can have some resemblance or difference, according to the main subsistence strategies (hunter – gatherers, herdsmen and farmers).Item Etnologické modely a proces neolitizace na Předním východě(AntropoWeb, 2014) Velhartická, ŠárkaThe study of the origin and the process of neolitisation of the Near East remains a dynamically developing discipline. The newest archaeological finds in this area reveal records of the transformations of early neolithic society not only from the materialistic, but also from social and religious perspectives. Since the 1960s the advent of processual archeology and ethnoarchaeology resulted in archaeology using ethnological materials to a greater extent in interpreting archaeological finds. However, the often imprecise applications of the models and controversial interpretations resulted in a confrontation and crisis in the study of hunter-gatherer societies at the turn of the 1980s and 1990s. A reappraisal of the interplay of both disciplines resulted.Item Vesnice, či již město? Neolit a počátky urbanizace Evropy(AntropoWeb, 2014) Dufek, JosefThe purpose of this paper is to acquaint the reader with the major trends of proto-urban settlements in the Near East since the beginning of Pre-pottery Neolithic (PPN) to the Early Chalcolithic (10/9000 BC– 6000 BC) and the Early Neolithic to the Early Eneolithic Southeast Europe (6 500 – 4500 BC).Item Etnogeografie a archeologie údolí Jaghnóbu(AntropoWeb, 2014) Novák, ĽubomírThe Yaghnob Valley is nowadays considered as (geographically) isolated region; historically the region was not an isolated part of Sogdiana as it was commonly suggested. Archaeological and linguistic data prove that the Yaghnob Valley was inhabited by some ancestors of the Yaghnobis already before the beginning of the Christian era. By the first half of the eighth century AD there are notes suggesting that one of routes connecting Northern and Central Tajikistan led through the Valley. Many archaic features similar to culture and language of ancient Sogdians were kept in the Yaghnob Valley for centuries. Live in the high mountain valley differed from the lifestyle in foothills and steppes of Sogdiana so the ancestors of the Yaghnobis adapted their lives to mountain conditions. Despite its limited ways of communication with surrounding areas the Yaghnob Valley shows an interesting pattern for a study of communication possibilities of ostensibly isolated areas with neighbouring regions.Item Antropologie, archeologie a interpretativní přístup: příklad domova(AntropoWeb, 2014) Pauknerová, KarolínaThe article compares how two different data sets – archaeological data about a Neolithic settlement and anthropological data from an interview and mental map about home – could fill the theoretical concept of home by Kimberly Dovey (1985). The idea is to show the differences between the data and the similarities between the ways the data refer to either past or present reality.
