Péče o nevidomé děti v první Československé republice
Date issued
2023
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Abstract
Vývoj péče o nevidomé děti, stejně jako vývoj péče o další jinak vážně zdravotně handicapované děti byl ovlivněn vývojem společnosti a vývojem správního práva. V historii péče o nevidomé děti hrály důležitou roli instituce, které byly vybudované jako výchovné a vzdělávací. Cílem příspěvku je seznámit s budováním systému péče o nevidomé děti v první Československé republice, během které byly položeny základy moderního zdravotního a sociálního systému. Práce je založena na historické analýze převážně dobových zdrojů (sekundární i primární povahy) k dané problematice za použití metody přímé i nepřímé, progresivní a retrospektivní. Aktivity v péči o nevidomé děti začaly již před rokem 1918, tj. před vznikem československého státu. První vzdělávací institucí pro nevidomé u nás byl Hradčanský ústav, který byl založen v Praze v roce 1807. V době vzniku Československé republiky existovalo v tzv. historických zemích (západní polovina stát) již několik ústavů pro nevidomé. Po vzniku republiky postupně vznikaly další ústavy a velká pozornost byla věnována i budováním ústavů v dalších částech státu. Otevírání nových ústavů a zkvalitnění poskytování péče vedly k nezbytnému rozvoji výchovy a vzdělávám nevidomých dětí. Velká pozornost byla věnována i předcházením oslepnutí.
The development of care for blind children has also been influenced by the development of society and the development of administrative law, as has the development of care for other severely disabled children. Educativ and educa- tional institutions have played an important role in the history of care for blind children.The aim of the study is to introduce the reader on the basis of historical analysis of primáty and secondary sources to the buil- ding of the systém of care for blind children in the First Cze- choslovak Republic, during which the foundations of the modem health and social systém were laid. The páper is based on a historical analysis of mostly contemporary sources (secondary and primary) on the subject by using direct and indirect, progressive and retrospective methods were ušed. Activities in the care of blind children began before 1918, before the establishment of the Czechoslovak state. The first educational Institution for the blind in our country was the Hradčany Institute, which was founded in Prague in 1807. At the time of the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, there were already several institutes for the blind in the so-cal- led historical countries (western part of the state). After the establishment of the Republic, other institutes were gradually established and great attention was paid to building institutes in other parts of the state. The opening of new institutes and the impro- vement ofthe quality of care have led to the necessary development of the education of blind children. Much attention was also paid to the prevention of blindness.
The development of care for blind children has also been influenced by the development of society and the development of administrative law, as has the development of care for other severely disabled children. Educativ and educa- tional institutions have played an important role in the history of care for blind children.The aim of the study is to introduce the reader on the basis of historical analysis of primáty and secondary sources to the buil- ding of the systém of care for blind children in the First Cze- choslovak Republic, during which the foundations of the modem health and social systém were laid. The páper is based on a historical analysis of mostly contemporary sources (secondary and primary) on the subject by using direct and indirect, progressive and retrospective methods were ušed. Activities in the care of blind children began before 1918, before the establishment of the Czechoslovak state. The first educational Institution for the blind in our country was the Hradčany Institute, which was founded in Prague in 1807. At the time of the establishment of the Czechoslovak Republic, there were already several institutes for the blind in the so-cal- led historical countries (western part of the state). After the establishment of the Republic, other institutes were gradually established and great attention was paid to building institutes in other parts of the state. The opening of new institutes and the impro- vement ofthe quality of care have led to the necessary development of the education of blind children. Much attention was also paid to the prevention of blindness.
Description
Subject(s)
péče o nevidomé, ústavní péče, spolky, vzdělávání, care for the blind, institutional care, associations, education